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▍ STATISTICAL PROJECTION · YEAR-END 2026

Based on current macro regime conditions and industrials (xli)'s historical behaviour in similar regimes, the model projects $179 by 2026-12-31 ( +5.1% from $171 today). The 68% confidence range is $156 to $202; the wider 95% range is $134 to $225. Methodology below the headline.

Central Estimate
$179
+5.1% vs current $171
68% Range (±1σ)
$156 to $202
95% Range (±1.96σ)
$134 to $225
Blended from 4 regime anchors· sample-weighted
VIX · Normal (15-25)
+9.5%n=842 · w=37%
10Y-2Y Yield Curve · Flat (0-100bps)
+12.4%n=573 · w=25%
HY OAS Spread · Tight (<350bps)
+6.3%n=762 · w=33%
Trade-Weighted Dollar · Weak (bottom tercile)
-9.1%n=115 · w=5%
METHOD: CENTRAL = SAMPLE-WEIGHTED MEAN OF PER-ANCHOR CURRENT-REGIME 1Y AVERAGES, SCALED TO 156-DAY HORIZON. BAND = ±σ√T USING 17.3% ANNUALIZED REALIZED VOL.
EXPECTED TO BE $179 BY 2026-12-31 (HIGHER FROM $171 ON 2026-05-18). NOT INVESTMENT ADVICE.
▍ MODEL · STATISTICAL FORECAST · 2026

Industrials (XLI) Forecast 2026

Quantitative analysis from 1,298 observations of Industrials (XLI) history, joined to four universal macro regime classifications. Numbers are computed, not narrated.

ByConvex Research Desk·Edited byBen Bleier·
XLI · LAST
$170.55
AS OF 2026-05-18
Percentile · 25Y History
96.1th
▍ HEADLINE SIGNAL · CONTRARIAN BEARISH
Hist. Avg +252d
+6.3%
vs +11.1% unconditional · -4.8%pp below
When HY OAS Spread sits in its Tight (<350bps) regime — as it does today (2.76) — Industrials (XLI) has historically returned an average of +6.27% over the next 252 trading days, 4.8pp below the all-history average of +11.11%. Sample: 762 observations, 60.9% hit rate.
METHOD: PERCENTILE-RANK MATCHED, LOOK-AHEAD-BIAS-FREE·NOT A FORECAST·HISTORICAL CONDITIONAL AVERAGE

Regime Scan[01/04]

VIX
Normal (15-25)
+9.5%+1Y AVG
Δ -1.6%pp · n=842
10Y-2Y Yield Curve
Flat (0-100bps)
+12.4%+1Y AVG
Δ +1.3%pp · n=573
HY OAS Spread
Tight (<350bps)
+6.3%+1Y AVG
Δ -4.8%pp · n=762

Δ = divergence from +11.1% unconditional all-history average

Performance by Window[02]

WINDOWNANN RETANN VOLRET/VOLHIT %TOTAL
1Y26218.93%15.14%1.2552.1%18.81%
3Y76319.68%16.17%1.2253.0%71.37%
5Y1,26810.42%17.33%0.6052.3%64.16%
10Y1,29811.11%17.26%0.6452.5%71.40%
All1,29811.11%17.26%0.6452.5%71.40%

Annualized total return = (1 + total)^(1/years) - 1. Ret/Vol is the annualized return divided by annualized volatility (Sharpe-equivalent without risk-free subtraction). Hit % = pct of single periods that were positive.

Where We Are Now[03]

Percentile Rank
96.1th
82.84median 108.71178.90
Current value 171.4000 on a 1,298-observation history going back to Sep 30, 2022.
Volatility Regime
normal
16.98%REALIZED 30D ANN
Sits at the 65.9th percentile vs full history. Median 15.43%.

Forward Returns by Macro Regime[04]

How Industrials (XLI) has performed historically conditional on the prevailing macro regime. The current bucket is highlighted; +1Y averages drive the headline signal above.

VIX
Volatility regime: Low (<15), Normal (15-25), Elevated (25-40), Extreme (>40)
CURRENT: 17.26 Normal (15-25)
REGIME BUCKETN+30D+90D+1Y AVG+1Y MEDHIT %
Low (<15)2611.97%5.34%17.65%17.46%99.2%
Normal (15-25)8420.51%3.56%9.47%12.68%67.6%
Elevated (25-40)1764.35%4.53%12.56%11.60%90.6%
Extreme (>40)4n/an/an/an/an/a
10Y-2Y Yield Curve
Yield curve regime: Inverted (<0bps), Flat (0-100bps), Steep (>100bps)
CURRENT: 0.50 Flat (0-100bps)
REGIME BUCKETN+30D+90D+1Y AVG+1Y MEDHIT %
Inverted (<0bps)5402.14%7.00%18.15%17.98%98.9%
Flat (0-100bps)5730.98%2.50%12.37%13.15%81.5%
Steep (>100bps)1630.41%-0.26%-9.58%-10.26%4.3%
HY OAS Spread
Credit regime: Tight (<350bps), Normal (350-500bps), Stressed (>500bps)
CURRENT: 2.76 Tight (<350bps)
REGIME BUCKETN+30D+90D+1Y AVG+1Y MEDHIT %
Tight (<350bps)7620.94%3.34%6.27%8.49%60.9%
Normal (350-500bps)4691.21%4.25%17.07%15.80%95.5%
Stressed (>500bps)539.82%13.82%21.87%21.50%100.0%
Trade-Weighted Dollar
Dollar regime: bottom/middle/top tercile of trailing 5Y rolling distribution
CURRENT: 118.04 Weak (bottom tercile)
REGIME BUCKETN+30D+90D+1Y AVG+1Y MEDHIT %
Weak (bottom tercile)115-0.94%-0.03%-9.13%-9.51%4.8%
Neutral (middle)3361.76%2.26%-4.67%-6.44%24.8%
Strong (top tercile)8181.54%5.21%16.84%17.38%94.8%

Forward returns are forward-looking from each historical observation in the bucket; +252d corresponds to one trading year. Buckets with fewer than 5 forward-return observations are reported as n/a. These are conditional historical averages, not forecasts.

Lead-Lag Relationships[05]

For each universally-recognised leading indicator, the lag at which the daily-return correlation peaks. Positive lag means the anchor leads Industrials (XLI); negative means it lags.

ANCHORROLEPEAK LAGPEAK CORRZERO-LAGRELATIONSHIP
VIXVolatility leader0d-0.659-0.659coincident
HY OAS SpreadCredit risk leader0d-0.529-0.529coincident
Trade-Weighted DollarFX driver0d-0.268-0.268coincident
CopperGlobal growth proxy0d0.2330.233coincident
NFCIFinancial conditions-5d-0.150-0.141weak
Baa-10Y SpreadCredit risk (slow)0d-0.143-0.143weak
10Y-2Y Yield SpreadRecession leader-3d-0.095-0.020weak
10Y Treasury YieldDiscount-rate driver-57d0.0870.013weak
Initial Jobless ClaimsLabor leader+1d0.076-0.003weak
U-Mich Consumer SentimentSurvey leader0d0.0000.000weak

Pearson correlation of daily returns over up to 25 years of overlapping history, searched across a ±60-day lag grid. Indicators classified as “weak” don't have meaningful predictive power at daily resolution; many of these (yield curve, NFCI, sentiment) lead at monthly/quarterly horizons instead.

Historical Analogs[06]

Periods where Industrials (XLI) sat at a similar percentile rank to today, with what happened over the next 30 / 90 / 252 trading days. Analogs are clustered to avoid double-counting nearby dates.

DATEVALUE+30D+90D+1Y
May 16, 2025143.78002.94%5.17%21.02%
Feb 14, 2025137.5500-4.71%5.66%27.26%
Nov 15, 2024139.1100-5.28%-5.78%8.08%
Aug 16, 2024126.97006.67%5.66%19.10%
May 17, 2024125.3300-3.28%7.43%12.76%

Worst Historical Drawdown[07]

-22.67%PEAK-TO-TROUGH
Peak Nov 16, 2021 → trough Sep 30, 2022. Recovered to prior peak on Jun 30, 2023 (273 days).
All-time high: 178.9000 on Mar 2, 2026 · Current DD from ATH: -4.19%

Cross-Asset Correlations · 1Y[08]

S&P 500
0.750
n=260
Nasdaq 100
0.626
n=260
20Y Treasury
0.136
n=260
Gold
0.162
n=260
Bitcoin
0.372
n=260

Largest Single-Period Moves[09]

▲ Up
  • Apr 9, 20258.88%
  • Apr 9, 20264.82%
  • Nov 10, 20224.20%
  • Nov 6, 20243.92%
  • Jul 19, 20223.57%
▼ Down
  • Apr 4, 2025-6.29%
  • Apr 3, 2025-5.41%
  • Sep 13, 2022-3.77%
  • May 18, 2022-3.72%
  • Aug 26, 2022-3.47%

Calendar-Month Seasonality[10]

Average single-period return aggregated by the calendar month in which the period ended.

MONTHAVG RETURNHIT %N
January0.09%53.5%101
February0.11%61.5%96
March-0.05%51.4%109
April-0.01%45.3%128
May0.07%51.2%123
June0.02%49.5%103
July0.20%55.2%105
August-0.00%50.5%111
September-0.19%46.6%103
October0.15%54.5%110
November0.19%62.7%102
December0.00%50.9%106

N = 1,298 OBS · GENERATED 2026-05-17 17:30Z

Forecast Approach

scenario weighted: We aggregate probability-weighted outcomes across active tracked scenarios, each with historical base rates and current heat scores. The projection above is the sample-weighted central estimate across current macro regime anchors; the scenario list below adds qualitative context.

Key Drivers & Risks

  • Sector rotation
  • Earnings cycle
  • Rate sensitivity
  • Macro regime

Historical Volatility

Moderate-high: sector dispersion varies by cycle

Scenarios That Affect This Forecast

How XLI Forecasts Have Held Up Historically

Industrials sector forecasts have a moderate track record. XLI tracks the manufacturing cycle plus capex spending plus defense budgets; the regime conditional captures the macro leg cleanly but the residual idiosyncratic noise (Boeing, GE breakups, defense contracts) is large. Sell-side targets have median absolute miss of roughly 14% over 2010-2025.

Regime-conditional models on XLI achieve approximately 66% directional accuracy. ISM Manufacturing PMI is the cleanest leading indicator; readings above 50 support XLI, below 50 flag underperformance.

Regime Sensitivity for XLI

XLI has clean regime sensitivity to the manufacturing cycle and capex regime. Goldilocks regimes with ISM above 50 map to forward 252-day XLI returns averaging +14%; stagflation regimes with ISM below 50 map to -4%; reflation near +10%; deflation near -6%.

The April 2026 setup has ISM Manufacturing oscillating around 50 (recently 50.3 in March), Trump tariffs supporting domestic manufacturing pricing power but raising input costs, and defense budgets sustained at $850B+. The regime conditional reads as moderately constructive with the bull case requiring sustained ISM above 52 and the bear case requiring ISM below 48 plus capex revision lower.

What Drives XLI Forecast Errors

Three structural issues drive XLI forecast errors. First, Boeing (BA) idiosyncratic risk has dominated the sector since 2019. 737 MAX issues, COVID demand collapse, and 2024 quality-control and labor-strike events have made BA a 5-7% sector weight that swings independently of the manufacturing cycle.

Second, defense is partly counter-cyclical and partly geopolitical. LMT, RTX, NOC, and GD trade more on geopolitical tail risk than on broader industrial earnings; the Iran war and Ukraine support have been bullish for defense without lifting the rest of XLI.

Third, capex super-cycle from reshoring, AI-datacenter buildout, and grid modernization has supported XLI capital-equipment names (CAT, ETN, DE, ROK) in a way the regime classifier under-weights.

How to Use This Forecast in Practice

For XLI, watch ISM Manufacturing PMI (the cleanest single macro lead), capex commentary from the four hyperscalers (AI-datacenter buildout drives ETN, EMR, ROK, VRT), and Boeing-specific delivery and quality news.

The cleanest cross-check is the XLI-XLB spread. XLB (materials) is more commodity-input sensitive; XLI is more capex-and-defense weighted. XLI leading XLB signals capex regime dominance; XLB leading signals commodity-cycle dominance. The 68% band on XLI should be treated as roughly 95% of SPY's, with skew toward Boeing-specific tail risk.

Frequently Asked Questions

What factors could push Industrials (XLI) higher?

The primary drivers that tend to lift Industrials (XLI) depend on the current macro regime. Industrial Select Sector SPDR Fund. Convex tracks these drivers live across the Equity Sector category and flags when multiple forces align in the same direction. See the "Key Drivers & Risks" section on this page for the current list, and check the regime dashboard for how the macro backdrop is currently tilted.

What factors could push Industrials (XLI) lower?

The same transmission channels that drive Industrials (XLI) higher operate in reverse when conditions flip. The risk drivers listed above map directly to scenarios that, if triggered, would pull this metric in the opposite direction. Convex aggregates these into a scenario-weighted probability distribution rather than a point forecast, so the magnitude depends on which scenarios activate.

Where does consensus see Industrials (XLI) heading?

Rather than publish a point target that goes stale the day after release, Convex assembles consensus from the macro regime classification, active scenario probabilities, and historical base rates. Point forecasts from banks and strategists are worth reading for context, but they typically cluster around the consensus and miss the tail events that actually move markets. The scenario-weighted approach here captures that tail risk explicitly.

What is the historical range for Industrials (XLI)?

Historical ranges for Industrials (XLI) vary dramatically by regime. A level that is extreme in Goldilocks can be routine in Stagflation, and vice versa. The Historical Volatility section on this page describes the typical range and regime-specific behavior. For the full multi-decade history, visit the Industrials (XLI) chart page, which includes selectable time ranges up to five years and downloadable data.

How often is the Industrials (XLI) forecast updated?

This forecast page recalculates whenever the underlying data or regime classification changes, typically within hours of new data releases. The scenario probabilities refresh daily as the macro state is regenerated. Specific drivers listed on this page reflect the current state of the Convex regime engine, not static historical assumptions.

Is this forecast actionable for trading?

Convex forecasts are informational and educational. They describe probability distributions and regime-conditional paths rather than specific entry and exit levels. Traders and portfolio managers use them alongside other inputs including position sizing rules, risk management, and their own conviction calibration. They are not investment advice.

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Forecasts are model-based projections derived from current regime classification, scenario probabilities, and historical patterns. They are not investment advice. All investments involve risk.